The "spit" looking stuff is formed by the spittlebug or froghopper. They are generally pretty harmless and don't usually cause damage in the garden. They mostly like legume forage crops and some of the winter grasses in my experience. The bug is about 1/4 inch in length, is usually brownish in color, lighter yellow or green in the nymph stage. They form this foamy stuff around them while they are feeding, or at least that's what I've read. They look similar to leaf hoppers, but they have bulging eyes on the sides of their head.
When I was a kid, someone told me that it was "snake spit", and it scared me to death every time I would see this spit in the grass, lol.
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